24 July 2012
Last updated at 22:44 GMT
The BBC's Ian Pannell travelled with a convoy of rebels to Aleppo
Pro-government
forces have hit back after rebels seized parts of Syria's economic
capital, Aleppo, and tried to move into its historic old city.
Fighter jets and helicopters attacked targets in the east of
the city and reports said thousands of troops were being moved to
counter the threat.
A general and former aide to President Assad has appeared publicly for the first time since he fled this month.
Brig-Gen Manaf Tlas confirmed he had abandoned the Syrian government.
In a video statement broadcast on al-Arabiya TV, he appealed to Syrians to "unite to build a free democratic Syria".
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At the scene
Ian Pannell
BBC News, near Aleppo
The military's response marked a sharp escalation in this battle.
Helicopter gunships spun through the skies throughout the
day. Sustained artillery and mortar rounds pounded restive
neighbourhoods.
But it was what happened late in the afternoon that
underlined the grave risk to the government of losing ground in what is
Syria's largest city and its economic capital.
First came an unmistakeable sound that has so far been absent
in this conflict - the roar of fighter jets. What appeared to be
Russian-made MiG planes arced through the sky.
We watched as they dropped in, bombing and strafing rebel positions.
Dead and wounded civilians and fighters were taken to
hospitals and makeshift clinics as the human cost of this conflict
continues to grow.
Brig-Gen Tlas's decision to
abandon Bashar al-Assad had been seen as significant as he had commanded
the 10th Brigade of the elite Republican Guard and was an important
Sunni figure in the president's inner circle.
He had kept silent for 12 days, raising questions of whether he had defected to the opposition or merely fled.
His whereabouts is still unclear.
Police siege
Earlier, BBC reporter Ian Pannell described seeing fighter
jets attack eastern areas of Aleppo as part of a co-ordinated attack
aimed at recapturing districts seized by rebels since the weekend.
It was thought to be the first time that fighter planes had
been deployed in such a way during the uprising that began in March
2011.
Civilians as well as rebel fighters were among the dead and wounded, our correspondent said.
At one point, French reporter Florence Aubenas inside Aleppo
said rebels had surrounded a police headquarters close to the walls of
the Old City, which is a world heritage site.
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In Washington, US Secretary of
State Hillary Clinton suggested that territorial gains made by the
rebels would eventually result in a "safe haven" that would provide a
base for further opposition action.
But reports from opposition activists in the northern
province of Idlib, to the west of Aleppo, suggested that Syrian
government forces were being moved to reinforce troop numbers in the
city.
A rebel source, quoted by Reuters news agency, said thousands
of soldiers were leaving the areas of Jebel al-Zawiya and Rami and
heading for Syria's most populous city.
Government forces have already regained control of most areas
of Damascus that were captured by rebels last week. There were renewed
raids in the Tadamon, Qadam and Assali areas of the capital on Tuesday.
According to opposition activists, at least 130 people died in Tuesday's bloodshed across Syria, including 20 people in Aleppo.
In one of the deadliest incidents of the day, opposition
activists reported that at least 20 worshippers were killed as they went
into a mosque in a village close to the city of Hama.
Troops and militia loyal to President Assad left a roadblock
and opened fire on the men who were arriving for evening prayers in
Shariaa, one activist told Reuters news agency.
Elsewhere, 10 people were reported killed when a shell hit
their car near Hama and a family was said to have died during a
bombardment of Deraa in southern Syria.
Foreign journalists work under intense restrictions in Syria so reports by both sides are hard to verify.
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