5 September 2012
Last updated at 10:28 GMT
She said it was an "extraordinary privilege" to serve as first lady.
President Obama will formally accept the nomination on Thursday, and face Republican Mitt Romney in November.
A recent opinion poll suggests Mr Obama maintains a thin lead over Mr Romney.
But an ABC News/Washington Post poll released as the convention got under way in Charlotte, North Carolina, showed Mr Obama with the lowest pre-convention favourability for an incumbent president since the 1980s.
The president is aiming to recapture the political spotlight over the next few days, after last week's Republican convention.
'Kindred spirit' Mrs Obama said that four years ago she "believed deeply" in her husband's "vision for this country", but worried about how a run for president would change their life and the life of their daughters.
She added: "Barack knows what it means when a family struggles. He knows what it means to want something more for your kids and grandkids.
"Barack knows the American Dream because he's lived it… and he wants everyone in this country to have that same opportunity, no matter who we are, or where we're from, or what we look like, or who we love."
The first lady's speech connected their shared background to the values she said guided Mr Obama as president.
"As president, you can get all kinds of advice from all kinds of people," she said, "but at the end of the day, when it comes time to make that decision, as president, all you have to guide you are your values and your vision and the life experiences that make you who you are."
She said Mr Obama was inspired by his own background when advocating for laws involving fair pay for women, healthcare and student debt.
He had not been changed by the White House, she said, and was "still the same man I fell in love with all those years ago".
"He's the same man who started his career by turning down high-paying jobs and instead working in struggling neighbourhoods where a steel plant had shut down, fighting to rebuild those communities."
In the toughest moments, she added, "he just keeps getting up and moving forward… with patience and wisdom, and courage and grace."
Fiery speeches Earlier, the chair of the Democratic National Committee, Debbie Wasserman Schultz, brought the gala into session with a strike of the gavel.
That message was replaced with a passage referring to the party's "unshakeable commitment to Israel's security" and Mr Obama's "steadfast opposition to any attempt to delegitimize Israel".
The change prompted criticism from Republicans and Mitt Romney, who accuse Mr Obama of "selling out" a key US ally.
Tuesday's first session saw a series of Democratic governors, members of Congress, mayors and electoral candidates speak in support of Mr Obama and his policies, most notably his much-criticised healthcare reform law.
A video tribute to the late Senator Edward Kennedy included clips from his 1994 Senate debate with Mr Romney, and independent Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee argued that his former party - the Republicans - had lost their way and had forfeited the label of conservative.
Former White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel said the next president would set the tone for the next 40 years.
"It will be the president's leadership that determines how we as a nation meet the challenges that face the middle class. It is the president's values that shape a future in which the middle class has hope," he said.
Julian Castro, the Latino Mayor of San Antonio, Texas, gave the keynote address immediately before Mrs Obama.
The Democratic gathering will see Mr Obama and Vice-President Joe Biden formally re-nominated as the party's presidential and vice-presidential candidates on Wednesday.
Later that evening, there will be speeches from Elizabeth Warren, who is fighting Republican incumbent Scott Brown in a high-profile race for a Massachusetts Senate seat, and former President Bill Clinton.
The convention culminates on Thursday with speeches from Mr Obama and Mr Biden.
Republican nominee Mitt Romney is expected to spend the week preparing for a series of debates with Mr Obama.
The gala also offers the Democrats the chance to make a high-profile pitch to voters in North Carolina, a state that narrowly voted for Mr Obama in 2008, but is now firmly up for grabs.
As they did four years ago, the Democrats will take the event outside the convention centre for the president's prime-time speech, taking over a 74,000-seater stadium in Charlotte for the final night of speeches - despite a poor weather forecast.
First Lady Michelle fires up Obama faithful
Michelle Obama spoke of the shared values she said guided Barack Obama as president
US
First Lady Michelle Obama has made an impassioned speech backing her
husband, President Barack Obama, for another four-year White House term.
Closing the first night of the Democratic convention, Mrs Obama spoke of the vision and values that guided him as president.She said it was an "extraordinary privilege" to serve as first lady.
President Obama will formally accept the nomination on Thursday, and face Republican Mitt Romney in November.
A recent opinion poll suggests Mr Obama maintains a thin lead over Mr Romney.
But an ABC News/Washington Post poll released as the convention got under way in Charlotte, North Carolina, showed Mr Obama with the lowest pre-convention favourability for an incumbent president since the 1980s.
The president is aiming to recapture the political spotlight over the next few days, after last week's Republican convention.
'Kindred spirit' Mrs Obama said that four years ago she "believed deeply" in her husband's "vision for this country", but worried about how a run for president would change their life and the life of their daughters.
Continue reading the main story
“Start Quote
The Democratic strategy is, above all, not about making converts but getting supporters excited once again, or at least excited enough to vote”
In a speech that energised a
hyped-up crowd, she shared memories from their 23-year relationship, and
noted that she had found a "kindred spirit" in a man whose values were
similar to hers.
"Barack and I were both raised by families who didn't have
much in the way of money or material possessions but who had given us
something far more valuable - their unconditional love, their
unflinching sacrifice, and the chance to go places they had never
imagined for themselves."She added: "Barack knows what it means when a family struggles. He knows what it means to want something more for your kids and grandkids.
"Barack knows the American Dream because he's lived it… and he wants everyone in this country to have that same opportunity, no matter who we are, or where we're from, or what we look like, or who we love."
The first lady's speech connected their shared background to the values she said guided Mr Obama as president.
"As president, you can get all kinds of advice from all kinds of people," she said, "but at the end of the day, when it comes time to make that decision, as president, all you have to guide you are your values and your vision and the life experiences that make you who you are."
She said Mr Obama was inspired by his own background when advocating for laws involving fair pay for women, healthcare and student debt.
Rahm Emanuel launched an impassioned defence of the man he worked for in the White House
"He's the same man who started his career by turning down high-paying jobs and instead working in struggling neighbourhoods where a steel plant had shut down, fighting to rebuild those communities."
In the toughest moments, she added, "he just keeps getting up and moving forward… with patience and wisdom, and courage and grace."
Fiery speeches Earlier, the chair of the Democratic National Committee, Debbie Wasserman Schultz, brought the gala into session with a strike of the gavel.
Continue reading the main story
Writing in the The Washington Post, EJ Dionne said the speech was "thoroughly apolitical on the surface" and that it "carried multiple political messages".
Paul West, in the Los Angeles Times, said Mrs Obama set out "to humanise a candidate who often comes across as aloof and remote from the lives of ordinary Americans".
Politico's Jennifer Epstein said Mrs Obama's message was simple: "We are you."
Michelle Obama - press reaction
According to the New York Times' Alessandra Stanley, Michelle Obama's speech was a reminder that the role of president's wife "seems pretty much frozen in the template set by Jacqueline Kennedy and Pat Nixon".Writing in the The Washington Post, EJ Dionne said the speech was "thoroughly apolitical on the surface" and that it "carried multiple political messages".
Paul West, in the Los Angeles Times, said Mrs Obama set out "to humanise a candidate who often comes across as aloof and remote from the lives of ordinary Americans".
Politico's Jennifer Epstein said Mrs Obama's message was simple: "We are you."
Shortly after the convention opened, delegates cheered their backing for the party's new platform in an open voice vote.
Among the changes found in the text of the party's 2012 platform was the removal of language from the Middle East section referring to Jerusalem as the capital of Israel. That message was replaced with a passage referring to the party's "unshakeable commitment to Israel's security" and Mr Obama's "steadfast opposition to any attempt to delegitimize Israel".
The change prompted criticism from Republicans and Mitt Romney, who accuse Mr Obama of "selling out" a key US ally.
Tuesday's first session saw a series of Democratic governors, members of Congress, mayors and electoral candidates speak in support of Mr Obama and his policies, most notably his much-criticised healthcare reform law.
A video tribute to the late Senator Edward Kennedy included clips from his 1994 Senate debate with Mr Romney, and independent Rhode Island Governor Lincoln Chafee argued that his former party - the Republicans - had lost their way and had forfeited the label of conservative.
Former White House Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel said the next president would set the tone for the next 40 years.
"It will be the president's leadership that determines how we as a nation meet the challenges that face the middle class. It is the president's values that shape a future in which the middle class has hope," he said.
Deval Patrick: 'Let's start by standing up for President Barack Obama'
The Democratic gathering will see Mr Obama and Vice-President Joe Biden formally re-nominated as the party's presidential and vice-presidential candidates on Wednesday.
Later that evening, there will be speeches from Elizabeth Warren, who is fighting Republican incumbent Scott Brown in a high-profile race for a Massachusetts Senate seat, and former President Bill Clinton.
The convention culminates on Thursday with speeches from Mr Obama and Mr Biden.
Republican nominee Mitt Romney is expected to spend the week preparing for a series of debates with Mr Obama.
The gala also offers the Democrats the chance to make a high-profile pitch to voters in North Carolina, a state that narrowly voted for Mr Obama in 2008, but is now firmly up for grabs.
As they did four years ago, the Democrats will take the event outside the convention centre for the president's prime-time speech, taking over a 74,000-seater stadium in Charlotte for the final night of speeches - despite a poor weather forecast.
A small North Carolina town struggles to feel passion for their president after suffering devastating job losses.
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